GIS

Remote Sensing

The acquisition of information about the Earth's surface using satellite or aircraft-based sensors without physical contact.

Detailed Definition

Remote sensing is the science of obtaining information about objects or areas from a distance, typically using sensors mounted on satellites, aircraft, or drones. It is fundamental to modern GIS and mineral exploration.

Types of remote sensing

Passive sensors: - Detect natural radiation (sunlight reflection) - Multispectral imagery - Hyperspectral imagery - Thermal infrared

Active sensors: - Emit their own energy and measure returns - Radar (SAR, InSAR) - LiDAR - Sonar (for bathymetry)

Applications in mining

Mineral exploration: - Alteration zone mapping - Structural interpretation - Lithological discrimination - Vegetation stress analysis

Mine operations: - Stockpile volume measurement - Pit advancement monitoring - Tailings facility monitoring - Water management

Environmental monitoring: - Baseline documentation - Disturbance tracking - Vegetation recovery - Subsidence detection

Land management: - Boundary verification - Access route planning - Infrastructure mapping - Change detection

Common platforms: - Landsat, Sentinel (satellites) - WorldView, Planet (commercial) - Drones/UAVs (site-specific) - Aircraft (specialized surveys)

Remote sensing provides critical data for mining exploration, operations, and environmental management.